English: A supernova is one way that a star can end its life, exploding in a display of grandiose fireworks. One family of supernovae, called Type Ia supernovae, are of particular interest in cosmology as they can be used as standard candles to measure distances in the Universe and so can be used to calibrate the accelerating expansion that is driven by dark energy. One defining characteristic of Type Ia supernovae is the lack of hydrogen in their spectrum. Yet hydrogen is the most common chemical element in the Universe. Such supernovae most likely arise in systems composed of two stars, one of them being the end product of the life of sun-like stars, or white dwarfs. When such white dwarfs, acting as stellar vampires that suck matter from their companion, become heavier than a given limit, they become unstable and explode.
Español: Una supernova es una de las formas en que una estrella puede terminar su vida, explotando en un despliegue de grandiosos fuegos artificiales. Una familia de supernovas, llamada supernovas de tipo Ia, es de particular interés en cosmología ya que pueden emplearse para medir distancias en el Universo y de esta forma usarse para calibrar la expansión acelerada, empujada por la energía oscura. Una característica que define a las supernovas de tipo Ia es la falta de hidrógeno en su espectro. Pero el hidrógeno es el elemento químico más común en el Universo. Tales supernovas probablemente surgen en sistemas compuestos por dos estrellas, en que una de éstas es el producto final de la vida de estrellas similares al sol, o de enanas blancas. Cuando tales enanas blancas, actuando cual vampiros estelares que tragan la materia de su compañera, llegan a ser más pesados que un determinado límite, se vuelven inestables y explotan.
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